{
 "scientific_name": "Solidago nemoralis",
 "common_name": "Gray Goldenrod",
 "family": "Asteraceae",
 "genus": "Solidago",
 "slug": "solidago-nemoralis",
 "region": "North Carolina",
 "also_known_as": null,
 "nc_state_rank": "S5",
 "nc_status": null,
 "invasive_rank": null,
 "caterpillar_species_on_genus_nc": 106,
 "single_host_specialists_on_genus_nc": 14,
 "genus_percentile_among_nc_natives": 0.969,
 "wetland_indicator": null,
 "wetland_indicator_listed": false,
 "ph_range": [
  6.5,
  7.5
 ],
 "factors_measured": [
  "caterpillars",
  "bees",
  "specialists",
  "birds",
  "structure"
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "Vascular Plants of North Carolina, plant list export 2026-09-01 (LeGrand, Sorrie & Howard)",
   "url": "https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Robertson 1929, Illinois flower visitors; GloBI contributor transcription (visits, not confirmed pollination)",
   "url": "https://github.com/millerse/Flowers-and-insects-lists-of-visitors-to-four-hundred-and-fifty-three-flowers"
  },
  {
   "name": "Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1261.160796"
  },
  {
   "name": "Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18303036"
  },
  {
   "name": "Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14226492"
  },
  {
   "name": "Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)",
   "url": "https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, growth habit (public domain)",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Narango, Tallamy & Shropshire 2020, Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species, Nature Communications",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19565-4"
  },
  {
   "name": "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, National Wetland Plant List 2022, Eastern Mountains & Piedmont",
   "url": "https://wetland-plants.sec.usace.army.mil/"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  }
 ],
 "insect_support": {
  "version": "insect-support-1",
  "groups": {
   "ants": {
    "label": "Ants",
    "status": "unknown",
    "recorded_names": [],
    "recorded_name_count": null,
    "flower_visits": [],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   },
   "beetles": {
    "label": "Beetles",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Coccinella 9-notata",
     "Diabrotica longicornis",
     "Epicauta pennsylvanica"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 3,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Diabrotica longicornis",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Coccinella 9-notata",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Epicauta pennsylvanica",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "flies": {
    "label": "Flies",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Archytas aterrima",
     "Chlorops proxima",
     "Gymnosoma fuliginosa",
     "Lucilia sericata",
     "Musca domestica",
     "Sarcophaga hunteri",
     "Scepsis fulvicollis",
     "Sphaerophoria cylindrica",
     "Spilomyia longicornis",
     "Stomoxys calcitrans",
     "Syrphus americanus",
     "Syrphus arcuatus",
     "Systropus macer",
     "Trypeta humilis",
     "Trypeta solaris",
     "Xanthomelana arcuata"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 16,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Musca domestica",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Archytas aterrima",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Syrphus americanus",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sphaerophoria cylindrica",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Gymnosoma fuliginosa",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Lucilia sericata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Scepsis fulvicollis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Spilomyia longicornis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Stomoxys calcitrans",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Systropus macer",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Xanthomelana arcuata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Chlorops proxima",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Syrphus arcuatus",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sarcophaga hunteri",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Trypeta humilis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Trypeta solaris",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "moths_butterflies": {
    "label": "Adult butterflies / moths",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Anosia plexippus",
     "Eurema lisa",
     "Heliothis armiger"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 3,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Anosia plexippus",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Eurema lisa",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Heliothis armiger",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "other_hymenoptera": {
    "label": "Other wasps",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Ancistrocerus catskillensis",
     "Ancistrocerus tigris",
     "Anoplius illinoensis",
     "Cerceris clypeata",
     "Cerceris kennicottii",
     "Ceropales fraterna",
     "Ceropales fulvipes",
     "Chelonus sericeus",
     "Mimesa cressonii",
     "Philanthus punctatus",
     "Planiceps niger",
     "Polistes annularis",
     "Polistes pallipes",
     "Polistes rubiginosus",
     "Polistes variatus",
     "Pompiloides marginatus",
     "Sphex procera",
     "Sphex vulgaris"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 18,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris clypeata",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Mimesa cressonii",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Polistes annularis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Polistes pallipes",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Polistes rubiginosus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Polistes variatus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Philanthus punctatus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ancistrocerus tigris",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ancistrocerus catskillensis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Anoplius illinoensis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris kennicottii",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ceropales fraterna",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sphex procera",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sphex vulgaris",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ceropales fulvipes",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Pompiloides marginatus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Chelonus sericeus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Planiceps niger",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "other_insects": {
    "label": "Other insects",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Alydus pilosulus",
     "Lygaeus turcicus",
     "Lygus pratensis"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 3,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Lygaeus turcicus",
      "group": "other_insects",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Lygus pratensis",
      "group": "other_insects",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Alydus pilosulus",
      "group": "other_insects",
      "source_plant": "Solidago nemoralis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   }
  },
  "credit": 4,
  "maximum_credit": 5,
  "interpretation": "One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit."
 },
 "baseline_genus_score": 92,
 "insect_credit_applied": 4,
 "quercus_score": 96,
 "band": "Keystone",
 "verdict": null,
 "genus_score": 96,
 "abundance_adjustment": 0,
 "factors": {
  "caterpillars": {
   "value": 106,
   "percentile": 0.97
  },
  "bees": {
   "value": 82,
   "percentile": 0.997
  },
  "specialists": {
   "value": 36,
   "percentile": 0.997
  },
  "birds": {
   "value": 2,
   "percentile": 0.748
  },
  "structure": {
   "value": [
    "Forb/herb"
   ],
   "percentile": 0.5
  }
 },
 "bees_on_genus_se": 82,
 "specialist_bees_on_genus": 36,
 "birds_on_genus_na": 2,
 "growth_habit": [
  "Forb/herb"
 ],
 "observed_caterpillars_nc": null,
 "reason": "Native. The Solidago genus feeds 106 caterpillar species in NC, draws 82 bee species in the Southeast, including 36 pollen-specialist bee species that depend on it,; 2 bird species have recorded feeding interactions with this genus in North America. Strong for caterpillars, bees and specialist bees. Includes +4 provisional points for additional documented insect groups.",
 "confidence": "5 of 5 factor datasets used; missing records do not prove absence (genus-level)",
 "moisture": "unknown: no matched wetland indicator",
 "light_range": [
  "part sun",
  "full sun"
 ],
 "light_source": "USDA PLANTS shade class 'High', read inverted (coarse)",
 "nc_counties_recorded": 87,
 "nc_counties": [
  "Alamance",
  "Alexander",
  "Alleghany",
  "Anson",
  "Ashe",
  "Avery",
  "Beaufort",
  "Bertie",
  "Brunswick",
  "Buncombe",
  "Cabarrus",
  "Caldwell",
  "Caswell",
  "Catawba",
  "Chatham",
  "Cherokee",
  "Chowan",
  "Clay",
  "Cleveland",
  "Craven",
  "Cumberland",
  "Currituck",
  "Davidson",
  "Davie",
  "Duplin",
  "Durham",
  "Edgecombe",
  "Forsyth",
  "Franklin",
  "Gaston",
  "Gates",
  "Graham",
  "Granville",
  "Greene",
  "Guilford",
  "Halifax",
  "Harnett",
  "Haywood",
  "Henderson",
  "Hertford",
  "Hoke",
  "Iredell",
  "Johnston",
  "Jones",
  "Lee",
  "Lenoir",
  "Lincoln",
  "Macon",
  "Madison",
  "Martin",
  "McDowell",
  "Mecklenburg",
  "Mitchell",
  "Montgomery",
  "Moore",
  "Nash",
  "Northampton",
  "Onslow",
  "Orange",
  "Pamlico",
  "Person",
  "Pitt",
  "Polk",
  "Randolph",
  "Richmond",
  "Robeson",
  "Rockingham",
  "Rowan",
  "Sampson",
  "Scotland",
  "Stanly",
  "Stokes",
  "Surry",
  "Swain",
  "Transylvania",
  "Tyrrell",
  "Union",
  "Vance",
  "Wake",
  "Warren",
  "Washington",
  "Watauga",
  "Wayne",
  "Wilkes",
  "Wilson",
  "Yadkin",
  "Yancey"
 ],
 "fit_inputs": {
  "light": [
   3,
   4
  ],
  "moisture": null,
  "ph": [
   6.5,
   7.5
  ]
 },
 "fit_status": "not_assessed",
 "hardiness_guidance": null,
 "fit_note": "Yard fit has not been assessed. County occurrences and condition proxies are not proof of local nativity or suitability.",
 "fit_provenance": {
  "counties": "USDA PLANTS: recorded in 87 NC counties",
  "ph": "USDA PLANTS",
  "light": "USDA PLANTS shade class 'High', read inverted (coarse)",
  "moisture": "unknown: no matched indicator"
 },
 "factor_evidence": {
  "caterpillars": "records_present",
  "bees": "records_present",
  "specialists": "records_present",
  "birds": "records_present",
  "structure": "records_present"
 },
 "nc_provinces": [
  "Coastal Plain",
  "Mountains",
  "Piedmont"
 ],
 "search_terms": null,
 "display_count_scales": {
  "caterpillars": 496,
  "bees": 176,
  "specialists": 45,
  "birds": 58,
  "insect_ants": 20,
  "insect_beetles": 12,
  "insect_flies": 74,
  "insect_moths_butterflies": 15,
  "insect_other_hymenoptera": 75,
  "insect_other_insects": 5
 },
 "version": "0.6.4",
 "built": "2026-09-24"
}