{
 "scientific_name": "Sambucus canadensis",
 "common_name": "Common Elderberry",
 "family": "Viburnaceae",
 "genus": "Sambucus",
 "slug": "sambucus-canadensis",
 "region": "North Carolina",
 "also_known_as": null,
 "nc_state_rank": "S5",
 "nc_status": null,
 "invasive_rank": null,
 "caterpillar_species_on_genus_nc": 33,
 "single_host_specialists_on_genus_nc": 0,
 "genus_percentile_among_nc_natives": 0.907,
 "wetland_indicator": null,
 "wetland_indicator_listed": false,
 "ph_range": [
  5.0,
  8.9
 ],
 "factors_measured": [
  "caterpillars",
  "bees",
  "specialists",
  "birds",
  "structure"
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "Vascular Plants of North Carolina, plant list export 2026-09-01 (LeGrand, Sorrie & Howard)",
   "url": "https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Robertson 1929, Illinois flower visitors; GloBI contributor transcription (visits, not confirmed pollination)",
   "url": "https://github.com/millerse/Flowers-and-insects-lists-of-visitors-to-four-hundred-and-fifty-three-flowers"
  },
  {
   "name": "Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1261.160796"
  },
  {
   "name": "Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18303036"
  },
  {
   "name": "Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14226492"
  },
  {
   "name": "Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)",
   "url": "https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, growth habit (public domain)",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Narango, Tallamy & Shropshire 2020, Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species, Nature Communications",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19565-4"
  },
  {
   "name": "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, National Wetland Plant List 2022, Eastern Mountains & Piedmont",
   "url": "https://wetland-plants.sec.usace.army.mil/"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  }
 ],
 "insect_support": {
  "version": "insect-support-1",
  "groups": {
   "ants": {
    "label": "Ants",
    "status": "unknown",
    "recorded_names": [],
    "recorded_name_count": null,
    "flower_visits": [],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   },
   "beetles": {
    "label": "Beetles",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Attagenus piceus",
     "Euderces picipes",
     "Euphoria fulgida",
     "Pentaria trifasciata"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 4,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Euderces picipes",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Euphoria fulgida",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Pentaria trifasciata",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Attagenus piceus",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "flies": {
    "label": "Flies",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Anthrax sinuosa",
     "Baccha fuscipennis",
     "Eristalis tenax",
     "Musca domestica",
     "Orthoneura nitida",
     "Spilomyia hamifera",
     "Syrphus americanus",
     "Syrphus ribesii",
     "Xylota fraudulosa"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 9,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Musca domestica",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Orthoneura nitida",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Syrphus americanus",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Syrphus ribesii",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Eristalis tenax",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Anthrax sinuosa",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Baccha fuscipennis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Spilomyia hamifera",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Xylota fraudulosa",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Sambucus canadensis",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "moths_butterflies": {
    "label": "Adult butterflies / moths",
    "status": "unknown",
    "recorded_names": [],
    "recorded_name_count": null,
    "flower_visits": [],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   },
   "other_hymenoptera": {
    "label": "Other wasps",
    "status": "unknown",
    "recorded_names": [],
    "recorded_name_count": null,
    "flower_visits": [],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   },
   "other_insects": {
    "label": "Other insects",
    "status": "unknown",
    "recorded_names": [],
    "recorded_name_count": null,
    "flower_visits": [],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   }
  },
  "credit": 2,
  "maximum_credit": 5,
  "interpretation": "One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit."
 },
 "baseline_genus_score": 73,
 "insect_credit_applied": 2,
 "quercus_score": 75,
 "band": "Strong",
 "verdict": null,
 "genus_score": 75,
 "abundance_adjustment": 0,
 "factors": {
  "caterpillars": {
   "value": 33,
   "percentile": 0.909
  },
  "bees": {
   "value": 3,
   "percentile": 0.636
  },
  "specialists": {
   "value": 0,
   "percentile": 0.432
  },
  "birds": {
   "value": 49,
   "percentile": 0.997
  },
  "structure": {
   "value": [
    "Shrub",
    "Tree"
   ],
   "percentile": 1.0
  }
 },
 "bees_on_genus_se": 3,
 "specialist_bees_on_genus": 0,
 "birds_on_genus_na": 49,
 "growth_habit": [
  "Shrub",
  "Tree"
 ],
 "observed_caterpillars_nc": null,
 "reason": "Native. The Sambucus genus feeds 33 caterpillar species in NC, draws 3 bee species in the Southeast; 49 bird species have recorded feeding interactions with this genus in North America. Strong for caterpillars and birds. Includes +2 provisional points for additional documented insect groups.",
 "confidence": "5 of 5 factor datasets used; missing records do not prove absence (genus-level)",
 "moisture": "unknown: no matched wetland indicator",
 "light_range": [
  "part sun",
  "full sun"
 ],
 "light_source": "USDA PLANTS shade class 'High', read inverted (coarse)",
 "nc_counties_recorded": 90,
 "nc_counties": [
  "Alamance",
  "Alleghany",
  "Anson",
  "Ashe",
  "Avery",
  "Beaufort",
  "Bertie",
  "Brunswick",
  "Buncombe",
  "Burke",
  "Cabarrus",
  "Caldwell",
  "Caswell",
  "Catawba",
  "Chatham",
  "Cherokee",
  "Chowan",
  "Clay",
  "Cleveland",
  "Columbus",
  "Craven",
  "Cumberland",
  "Currituck",
  "Dare",
  "Davidson",
  "Duplin",
  "Durham",
  "Edgecombe",
  "Forsyth",
  "Franklin",
  "Gaston",
  "Graham",
  "Granville",
  "Greene",
  "Guilford",
  "Halifax",
  "Harnett",
  "Haywood",
  "Henderson",
  "Hertford",
  "Hoke",
  "Hyde",
  "Iredell",
  "Jackson",
  "Johnston",
  "Jones",
  "Lee",
  "Lenoir",
  "Lincoln",
  "Macon",
  "Madison",
  "Martin",
  "McDowell",
  "Mecklenburg",
  "Mitchell",
  "Nash",
  "New Hanover",
  "Northampton",
  "Onslow",
  "Orange",
  "Pamlico",
  "Pasquotank",
  "Perquimans",
  "Person",
  "Pitt",
  "Polk",
  "Randolph",
  "Richmond",
  "Robeson",
  "Rockingham",
  "Rowan",
  "Sampson",
  "Scotland",
  "Stanly",
  "Stokes",
  "Surry",
  "Swain",
  "Transylvania",
  "Tyrrell",
  "Union",
  "Vance",
  "Wake",
  "Warren",
  "Washington",
  "Watauga",
  "Wayne",
  "Wilkes",
  "Wilson",
  "Yadkin",
  "Yancey"
 ],
 "fit_inputs": {
  "light": [
   3,
   4
  ],
  "moisture": null,
  "ph": [
   5.0,
   8.9
  ]
 },
 "fit_status": "not_assessed",
 "hardiness_guidance": null,
 "fit_note": "Yard fit has not been assessed. County occurrences and condition proxies are not proof of local nativity or suitability.",
 "fit_provenance": {
  "counties": "USDA PLANTS: recorded in 90 NC counties",
  "ph": "USDA PLANTS",
  "light": "USDA PLANTS shade class 'High', read inverted (coarse)",
  "moisture": "unknown: no matched indicator"
 },
 "factor_evidence": {
  "caterpillars": "records_present",
  "bees": "records_present",
  "specialists": "no_records_or_unknown",
  "birds": "records_present",
  "structure": "records_present"
 },
 "nc_provinces": [
  "Coastal Plain",
  "Mountains",
  "Piedmont"
 ],
 "search_terms": null,
 "display_count_scales": {
  "caterpillars": 496,
  "bees": 176,
  "specialists": 45,
  "birds": 58,
  "insect_ants": 20,
  "insect_beetles": 12,
  "insect_flies": 74,
  "insect_moths_butterflies": 15,
  "insect_other_hymenoptera": 75,
  "insect_other_insects": 5
 },
 "version": "0.6.4",
 "built": "2026-09-24"
}