{
 "scientific_name": "Asclepias verticillata",
 "common_name": "Whorled Milkweed",
 "family": "Apocynaceae",
 "genus": "Asclepias",
 "slug": "asclepias-verticillata",
 "region": "North Carolina",
 "also_known_as": null,
 "nc_state_rank": "S5",
 "nc_status": null,
 "invasive_rank": null,
 "caterpillar_species_on_genus_nc": 14,
 "single_host_specialists_on_genus_nc": 1,
 "genus_percentile_among_nc_natives": 0.815,
 "wetland_indicator": "FACU",
 "wetland_indicator_listed": true,
 "ph_range": null,
 "factors_measured": [
  "caterpillars",
  "bees",
  "specialists",
  "birds",
  "structure"
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "Vascular Plants of North Carolina, plant list export 2026-09-01 (LeGrand, Sorrie & Howard)",
   "url": "https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Robertson 1929, Illinois flower visitors; GloBI contributor transcription (visits, not confirmed pollination)",
   "url": "https://github.com/millerse/Flowers-and-insects-lists-of-visitors-to-four-hundred-and-fifty-three-flowers"
  },
  {
   "name": "Shropshire & Tallamy 2025, Lepidoptera of North America north of Mexico, ZooKeys 1261 (ODbL)",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1261.160796"
  },
  {
   "name": "Noori, Seltmann & Orr 2026, A curated and integrated dataset for exploring global bee-plant interactions (GloBI), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18303036"
  },
  {
   "name": "Smith, Bachelder, Russell, Morales, Mosher & Seltmann 2024, Bee-Specialization-Modeling v0.6.1 (specialist host table compiled from J. Fowler's pollen specialist bee lists), Zenodo, CC BY 4.0",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14226492"
  },
  {
   "name": "Hurlbert, Olsen, Sawyer & Winner 2021, Avian Diet Database, Scientific Data 8: 260 (CC0)",
   "url": "https://github.com/hurlbertlab/dietdatabase"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database, growth habit (public domain)",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  },
  {
   "name": "Narango, Tallamy & Shropshire 2020, Few keystone plant genera support the majority of Lepidoptera species, Nature Communications",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19565-4"
  },
  {
   "name": "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, National Wetland Plant List 2022, Eastern Mountains & Piedmont",
   "url": "https://wetland-plants.sec.usace.army.mil/"
  },
  {
   "name": "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database",
   "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/"
  }
 ],
 "insect_support": {
  "version": "insect-support-1",
  "groups": {
   "ants": {
    "label": "Ants",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Formica rufibarbis"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 1,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Formica rufibarbis",
      "group": "ants",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "beetles": {
    "label": "Beetles",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Trichius piger",
     "Typocerus sinuatus"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 2,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Trichius piger",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Typocerus sinuatus",
      "group": "beetles",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "flies": {
    "label": "Flies",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Archytas analis",
     "Calythea albicincta",
     "Cistogaster occidua",
     "Ennyomma globosa",
     "Eristalis latifrons",
     "Exoprosopa fasciata",
     "Exorista confinis",
     "Graphomyia americana",
     "Limnophora narona",
     "Lucilia sylvarum",
     "Orthoneura nitida",
     "Paradidyma singularis",
     "Phorantha purpurascens",
     "Phormia regina",
     "Physocephala texana",
     "Physocephala tibialis",
     "Sarcophaga sinuata",
     "Scepsis fulvicollis",
     "Senotainia trilineata",
     "Sepsis violacea",
     "Siphoplagia anomala",
     "Siphoplagia flaccidirostris",
     "Spallanzania hesperidarum",
     "Sphaerophoria cylindrica",
     "Systoechus vulgaris",
     "Trichophora ruficauda",
     "Trichopoda pennipes",
     "Tropidia quadrata",
     "Xanthomelana arcuata"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 29,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Archytas analis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Orthoneura nitida",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Limnophora narona",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Paradidyma singularis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Phormia regina",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Physocephala texana",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Physocephala tibialis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sarcophaga sinuata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Senotainia trilineata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sepsis violacea",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Siphoplagia anomala",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Spallanzania hesperidarum",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Systoechus vulgaris",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Phorantha purpurascens",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sphaerophoria cylindrica",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Graphomyia americana",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Lucilia sylvarum",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Trichophora ruficauda",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Trichopoda pennipes",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Scepsis fulvicollis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Cistogaster occidua",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Exoprosopa fasciata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Calythea albicincta",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Eristalis latifrons",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Exorista confinis",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Tropidia quadrata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Xanthomelana arcuata",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ennyomma globosa",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Siphoplagia flaccidirostris",
      "group": "flies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "moths_butterflies": {
    "label": "Adult butterflies / moths",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Achalarus lycidas",
     "Anosia plexippus",
     "Argynnis cybele",
     "Euphyes verna",
     "Limochores taumas",
     "Pholisora catullus",
     "Pholisora hayhurstii",
     "Phyciodes tharos",
     "Vanessa atalanta"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 9,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Achalarus lycidas",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Anosia plexippus",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Argynnis cybele",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Pholisora catullus",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Phyciodes tharos",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Limochores taumas",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Pholisora hayhurstii",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Vanessa atalanta",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Euphyes verna",
      "group": "moths_butterflies",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "other_hymenoptera": {
    "label": "Other wasps",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Ammobia ichneumonea",
     "Ammobia pennsylvanica",
     "Anacrabro ocellatus",
     "Anoplius illinoensis",
     "Astatus unicolor",
     "Bembix nubillipennis",
     "Cerceris clypeata",
     "Cerceris fulvipes",
     "Cerceris raui",
     "Cerceris robertsonii",
     "Eumenes fraternus",
     "Isodontia apicalis",
     "Leionotus arvensis",
     "Polistes variatus",
     "Priononyx atrata",
     "Priononyx thomae",
     "Sphex nigricans",
     "Tachytes distinctus",
     "Tachytes mandibularis",
     "Tachytes pepticus"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 20,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris clypeata",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Isodontia apicalis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Polistes variatus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Leionotus arvensis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Priononyx atrata",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Sphex nigricans",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Priononyx thomae",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ammobia ichneumonea",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Anoplius illinoensis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Anacrabro ocellatus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Astatus unicolor",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Bembix nubillipennis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Eumenes fraternus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Ammobia pennsylvanica",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Tachytes mandibularis",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris fulvipes",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris raui",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Cerceris robertsonii",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Tachytes distinctus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     },
     {
      "animal": "Tachytes pepticus",
      "group": "other_hymenoptera",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 1
   },
   "other_insects": {
    "label": "Other insects",
    "status": "recorded",
    "recorded_names": [
     "Phymata wolffii"
    ],
    "recorded_name_count": 1,
    "flower_visits": [
     {
      "animal": "Phymata wolffii",
      "group": "other_insects",
      "source_plant": "Asclepias verticillata",
      "interaction": "flower_visit",
      "location": "Carlinville, Illinois, USA",
      "dataset": "Robertson 1929 / GloBI mirror",
      "reference": "Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson.",
      "pollination_confirmed": false
     }
    ],
    "seed_interactions": [],
    "credit": 0
   }
  },
  "credit": 5,
  "maximum_credit": 5,
  "interpretation": "One provisional point per additional documented insect group, capped at five. Flower visits are a resource-use proxy, not confirmed feeding or pollination. Missing evidence is unknown. Study volume and repeated records earn no extra credit."
 },
 "baseline_genus_score": 67,
 "insect_credit_applied": 5,
 "quercus_score": 72,
 "band": "Strong",
 "verdict": null,
 "genus_score": 72,
 "abundance_adjustment": 0,
 "factors": {
  "caterpillars": {
   "value": 14,
   "percentile": 0.821
  },
  "bees": {
   "value": 59,
   "percentile": 0.986
  },
  "specialists": {
   "value": 0,
   "percentile": 0.432
  },
  "birds": {
   "value": 1,
   "percentile": 0.664
  },
  "structure": {
   "value": [
    "Forb/herb"
   ],
   "percentile": 0.5
  }
 },
 "bees_on_genus_se": 59,
 "specialist_bees_on_genus": 0,
 "birds_on_genus_na": 1,
 "growth_habit": [
  "Forb/herb"
 ],
 "observed_caterpillars_nc": null,
 "reason": "Native. The Asclepias genus feeds 14 caterpillar species in NC, draws 59 bee species in the Southeast; 1 bird species have recorded feeding interactions with this genus in North America. Strong for bees. Includes +5 provisional points for additional documented insect groups.",
 "confidence": "5 of 5 factor datasets used; missing records do not prove absence (genus-level)",
 "moisture": "usually drier ground",
 "light_range": [
  "part sun",
  "full sun"
 ],
 "light_source": "genus estimate: all 2 Asclepias species with light data agree (coarse)",
 "nc_counties_recorded": 40,
 "nc_counties": [
  "Alamance",
  "Alexander",
  "Anson",
  "Ashe",
  "Avery",
  "Buncombe",
  "Cabarrus",
  "Caswell",
  "Chatham",
  "Cherokee",
  "Clay",
  "Davidson",
  "Davie",
  "Durham",
  "Forsyth",
  "Franklin",
  "Granville",
  "Guilford",
  "Iredell",
  "Jones",
  "Lee",
  "Macon",
  "Madison",
  "Mecklenburg",
  "Montgomery",
  "Moore",
  "Orange",
  "Person",
  "Randolph",
  "Richmond",
  "Rowan",
  "Stanly",
  "Stokes",
  "Swain",
  "Union",
  "Wake",
  "Warren",
  "Wilkes",
  "Yadkin",
  "Yancey"
 ],
 "fit_inputs": {
  "light": [
   3,
   4
  ],
  "moisture": [
   1,
   2
  ],
  "ph": null
 },
 "fit_status": "not_assessed",
 "hardiness_guidance": null,
 "fit_note": "Yard fit has not been assessed. County occurrences and condition proxies are not proof of local nativity or suitability.",
 "fit_provenance": {
  "counties": "USDA PLANTS: recorded in 40 NC counties",
  "light": "genus estimate: all 2 Asclepias species with light data agree (coarse)",
  "moisture": "USACE wetland occurrence proxy"
 },
 "factor_evidence": {
  "caterpillars": "records_present",
  "bees": "records_present",
  "specialists": "no_records_or_unknown",
  "birds": "records_present",
  "structure": "records_present"
 },
 "nc_provinces": [
  "Coastal Plain",
  "Mountains",
  "Piedmont"
 ],
 "search_terms": null,
 "display_count_scales": {
  "caterpillars": 496,
  "bees": 176,
  "specialists": 45,
  "birds": 58,
  "insect_ants": 20,
  "insect_beetles": 12,
  "insect_flies": 74,
  "insect_moths_butterflies": 15,
  "insect_other_hymenoptera": 75,
  "insect_other_insects": 5
 },
 "version": "0.6.4",
 "built": "2026-09-24"
}